{
    "document": {
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        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
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                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-23405",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-04-03T05:29:51.584623Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-23405",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-04-01T09:25:19.523564Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T09:25:19.523564Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| References created (5)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T09:25:31.360107Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T09:38:48.678466Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| Products created (5).| Products connected (7).| References created (5)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T09:38:52.351351Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T11:36:12.201519Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T12:06:07.197230Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| Products connected (1).| References created (14)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T12:06:16.615963Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T15:37:43.826277Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T15:37:47.488928Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-01T18:43:46.938426Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Products connected (2).| Product Identifiers created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-02T00:28:57.211447Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| Products connected (13).| Product Identifiers created (5).| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-02T00:29:03.380101Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-02T06:44:44.561775Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "Description created for source."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-02T08:05:49.399937Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-03T05:28:23.321299Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "15"
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    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-23405",
            "cwe": {
                "id": "CWE-770",
                "name": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"
            },
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\napparmor: fix: limit the number of levels of policy namespaces\n\nCurrently the number of policy namespaces is not bounded relying on\nthe user namespace limit. However policy namespaces aren't strictly\ntied to user namespaces and it is possible to create them and nest\nthem arbitrarily deep which can be used to exhaust system resource.\n\nHard cap policy namespaces to the same depth as user namespaces.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-23405"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\napparmor: fix: limit the number of levels of policy namespaces\n\nCurrently the number of policy namespaces is not bounded relying on\nthe user namespace limit. However policy namespaces aren't strictly\ntied to user namespaces and it is possible to create them and nest\nthem arbitrarily deep which can be used to exhaust system resource.\n\nHard cap policy namespaces to the same depth as user namespaces.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23405.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A flaw was found in the AppArmor security module within the Linux kernel. A local user could exploit this vulnerability by creating and nesting policy namespaces without limit. This unbounded nesting can lead to the exhaustion of system resources, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS) for the affected system.",
                    "title": "redhat - https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2026-23405.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:  apparmor: fix: limit the number of levels of policy namespaces  Currently the number of policy namespaces is not bounded relying on the user namespace limit. However policy namespaces aren't strictly tied to user namespaces and it is possible to create them and nest them arbitrarily deep which can be used to exhaust system resource.  Hard cap policy namespaces to the same depth as user namespaces.",
                    "title": "debian - https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-23405"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.00018",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "3.6",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "The value of the most recent EPSS score, Is related to a product by vendor Linux, Is related to (a version of) product Linux Kernel, Is related to a product by vendor Open Source",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
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                    "CSAFPID-5815374"
                ],
                "known_affected": [
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                    "CSAFPID-5971786",
                    "CSAFPID-5971787",
                    "CSAFPID-5971788",
                    "CSAFPID-5971789",
                    "CSAFPID-5971790",
                    "CSAFPID-1330297",
                    "CSAFPID-1317177"
                ],
                "known_not_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-1287216",
                    "CSAFPID-5815258",
                    "CSAFPID-5843471",
                    "CSAFPID-5843472",
                    "CSAFPID-5844856",
                    "CSAFPID-5904647",
                    "CSAFPID-1439315",
                    "CSAFPID-1439317",
                    "CSAFPID-1439319",
                    "CSAFPID-1439321",
                    "CSAFPID-1453376",
                    "CSAFPID-1453377",
                    "CSAFPID-1453378",
                    "CSAFPID-1453379",
                    "CSAFPID-1453380",
                    "CSAFPID-1453381",
                    "CSAFPID-1453382",
                    "CSAFPID-2858634",
                    "CSAFPID-2858635"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-23405"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23405.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0950.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - debian",
                    "url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-23405"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - redhat",
                    "url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2026-23405.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/306039414932c80f8420695a24d4fe10c84ccfb2"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3f8699b3ee0c04b4b9bc27b82cd89a40e81e1d2e"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b6495ead2c611647f6b11441a852324e3eb8616"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/853ce31ca72097d23991a06876a2ccb5cb64b603"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d42b2b6bb77ca40ee34ab74ad79305840b5f315d"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0950.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-0950"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040108-CVE-2026-23401-956d@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040110-CVE-2026-23402-c852@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040111-CVE-2026-23403-f22c@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040111-CVE-2026-23404-8b0b@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040111-CVE-2026-23405-0e7a@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040112-CVE-2026-23406-0cb2@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040112-CVE-2026-23407-297e@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040113-CVE-2026-23408-1932@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040113-CVE-2026-23409-ae18@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040113-CVE-2026-23410-d7d5@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040114-CVE-2026-23411-00f7@gregkh/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - redhat",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-23405"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - redhat",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23405"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - redhat",
                    "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026040111-CVE-2026-23405-0e7a@gregkh/T"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2026-50170.html"
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-23405"
        }
    ]
}