{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-24125",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-03-23T10:27:58.356325Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-24125",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-03-12T17:26:10.647832Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T17:26:10.647832Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T17:26:17.750375Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T17:39:39.865600Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products created (1).| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T17:39:42.303036Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T18:38:44.064361Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T18:52:15.878752Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (2).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T18:52:23.526933Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T20:12:12.474081Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-13T14:24:57.208762Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-13T14:25:02.801259Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-13T19:26:47.147558Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "Products created (1).| Product Identifiers created (1).| Exploits created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-13T19:26:48.890762Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T15:30:06.108561Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T15:30:09.574265Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:52:58.302017Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-23T10:27:55.662602Z",
                    "number": "16",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "16"
        }
    },
    "product_tree": {
        "branches": [
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<2.1.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<2.1.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5810544"
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "graphql"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "@tinacms"
            },
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<2.1.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<2.1.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5825008",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:ssw:tinacms\\/graphql:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "tinacms\\/graphql"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "ssw"
            }
        ]
    },
    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-24125",
            "cwe": {
                "id": "CWE-22",
                "name": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')"
            },
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "Tina is a headless content management system. Prior to 2.1.2, TinaCMS allows users to create, update, and delete content documents using relative file paths (relativePath, newRelativePath) via GraphQL mutations. Under certain conditions, these paths are combined with the collection path using path.join() without validating that the resolved path remains within the collection root directory. Because path.join() does not prevent directory traversal, paths containing ../ sequences can escape the intended directory boundary. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.1.2.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24125"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "Tina is a headless content management system. Prior to 2.1.2, TinaCMS allows users to create, update, and delete content documents using relative file paths (relativePath, newRelativePath) via GraphQL mutations. Under certain conditions, these paths are combined with the collection path using path.join() without validating that the resolved path remains within the collection root directory. Because path.join() does not prevent directory traversal, paths containing ../ sequences can escape the intended directory boundary. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.1.2.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24125"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "### Description\n\nTinaCMS allows users to create, update, and delete content documents using relative file paths (`relativePath`, `newRelativePath`) via GraphQL mutations. Under certain conditions, these paths are combined with the collection path using `path.join()` without validating that the resolved path remains within the collection root directory.\n\nBecause `path.join()` does not prevent directory traversal, paths containing `../` sequences can escape the intended directory boundary.\n\n### Attack Vectors\n\n1. **File Creation**: Create files outside the collection directory\n   ```graphql\n   createDocument(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"../../config/malicious.md\"\n     params: { post: { title: \"malicious\" } }\n   )\n   ```\n\n2. **File Move/Rename**: Move existing files outside the collection\n   ```graphql\n   updateDocument(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"existing.md\"\n     params: { relativePath: \"../../stolen.md\" }\n   )\n   ```\n\n3. **File Deletion**: Delete files outside the collection\n   ```graphql\n   deleteDocument(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"../../important-config.md\"\n   )\n   ```\n\n4. **Folder Creation**: Create folders outside the collection\n   ```graphql\n   createFolder(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"../../malicious-folder\"\n   )\n   ```\n\n## Impact\n\nAn authenticated user with document mutation permissions can:\n\n- **Create content files** outside collection boundaries (subject to schema validation)\n- **Move or rename files** outside collection boundaries\n- **Delete content files** outside collection boundaries\n- **Read file contents** via document retrieval mutations\n\n## Mitigating Factors\n\nSeveral constraints limit the practical impact of this vulnerability:\n\n1. **Schema Validation**: Created/updated content must conform to the collection's GraphQL schema. Attackers cannot write arbitrary file content—the `params` argument is validated against the generated mutation types (e.g., `PostMutation`).\n\n2. **Authentication Required**: Exploitation requires authenticated access with CMS editor permissions. Anonymous users cannot access GraphQL mutations.\n\n3. **Git Tracking**: In typical deployments, all file operations are tracked in git (either via GitHub API for Tina Cloud/self-hosted with GitProvider, or local filesystem changes). Malicious changes are visible in version control and can be reverted.\n\n### What This Vulnerability Does NOT Allow\n\n- Writing arbitrary file content (content is schema-validated)\n- Silent/untracked file modifications (changes appear in git)\n- Unauthenticated access\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nSee `packages/@tinacms/graphql/tests/path-traversal-security/index.test.ts` for automated tests demonstrating the vulnerability.\n\nManual reproduction:\n```bash\nnode -e \"\nconst path = require('path');\n\nconst collectionPath = 'content/posts';\nconst maliciousRelativePath = '../../OUTSIDE/poc.md';\n\nconst realPath = path.join(collectionPath, maliciousRelativePath);\nconsole.log('Resolved path:', realPath);\n// Output: OUTSIDE/poc.md (escaped content/posts)\n\"\n```",
                    "title": "github - https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "### Description\n\nTinaCMS allows users to create, update, and delete content documents using relative file paths (`relativePath`, `newRelativePath`) via GraphQL mutations. Under certain conditions, these paths are combined with the collection path using `path.join()` without validating that the resolved path remains within the collection root directory.\n\nBecause `path.join()` does not prevent directory traversal, paths containing `../` sequences can escape the intended directory boundary.\n\n### Attack Vectors\n\n1. **File Creation**: Create files outside the collection directory\n   ```graphql\n   createDocument(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"../../config/malicious.md\"\n     params: { post: { title: \"malicious\" } }\n   )\n   ```\n\n2. **File Move/Rename**: Move existing files outside the collection\n   ```graphql\n   updateDocument(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"existing.md\"\n     params: { relativePath: \"../../stolen.md\" }\n   )\n   ```\n\n3. **File Deletion**: Delete files outside the collection\n   ```graphql\n   deleteDocument(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"../../important-config.md\"\n   )\n   ```\n\n4. **Folder Creation**: Create folders outside the collection\n   ```graphql\n   createFolder(\n     collection: \"post\"\n     relativePath: \"../../malicious-folder\"\n   )\n   ```\n\n## Impact\n\nAn authenticated user with document mutation permissions can:\n\n- **Create content files** outside collection boundaries (subject to schema validation)\n- **Move or rename files** outside collection boundaries\n- **Delete content files** outside collection boundaries\n- **Read file contents** via document retrieval mutations\n\n## Mitigating Factors\n\nSeveral constraints limit the practical impact of this vulnerability:\n\n1. **Schema Validation**: Created/updated content must conform to the collection's GraphQL schema. Attackers cannot write arbitrary file content—the `params` argument is validated against the generated mutation types (e.g., `PostMutation`).\n\n2. **Authentication Required**: Exploitation requires authenticated access with CMS editor permissions. Anonymous users cannot access GraphQL mutations.\n\n3. **Git Tracking**: In typical deployments, all file operations are tracked in git (either via GitHub API for Tina Cloud/self-hosted with GitProvider, or local filesystem changes). Malicious changes are visible in version control and can be reverted.\n\n### What This Vulnerability Does NOT Allow\n\n- Writing arbitrary file content (content is schema-validated)\n- Silent/untracked file modifications (changes appear in git)\n- Unauthenticated access\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nSee `packages/@tinacms/graphql/tests/path-traversal-security/index.test.ts` for automated tests demonstrating the vulnerability.\n\nManual reproduction:\n```bash\nnode -e \"\nconst path = require('path');\n\nconst collectionPath = 'content/posts';\nconst maliciousRelativePath = '../../OUTSIDE/poc.md';\n\nconst realPath = path.join(collectionPath, maliciousRelativePath);\nconsole.log('Resolved path:', realPath);\n// Output: OUTSIDE/poc.md (escaped content/posts)\n\"\n```",
                    "title": "github - https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.0007",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "3.6",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "Exploit code publicly available, Is related to (a version of) an uncommon product, There is exploit data available from source Nvd, The value of the most recent EPSS score",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5810544",
                    "CSAFPID-5825008"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24125"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-24125"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24125"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/24xxx/CVE-2026-24125.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-24125"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; nvd",
                    "url": "https://github.com/tinacms/tinacms/security/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2238-xc5r-v9hj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24125"
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
                        "baseScore": 6.3,
                        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-5810544",
                        "CSAFPID-5825008"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-24125"
        }
    ]
}