{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-28454",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-03-23T10:45:24.097738Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-28454",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-03-05T22:28:04.405899Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-05T22:28:04.405899Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (6).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-05T22:28:06.415577Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-05T22:39:04.574378Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (1).| References created (6).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-05T22:39:07.135938Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T00:21:11.150960Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (1).| References created (6).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T00:21:12.465538Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T06:21:14.152989Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "CVSS created.| References created (2).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T06:21:19.047345Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T07:35:14.133788Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T08:05:39.156140Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| Products connected (1).| References created (69)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T08:05:42.130690Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T14:53:06.651549Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T14:53:08.938106Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T17:25:30.959313Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "CVSS updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T17:25:36.909605Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T17:39:04.577849Z",
                    "number": "16",
                    "summary": "CVSS updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T17:38:58.827975Z",
                    "number": "17",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T17:39:00.479435Z",
                    "number": "18",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T18:27:21.609689Z",
                    "number": "19",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| Product Identifiers created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T18:27:24.066659Z",
                    "number": "20",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T09:57:19.098594Z",
                    "number": "21",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (49).| References created (6)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:37:13.602438Z",
                    "number": "22",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "22"
        }
    },
    "product_tree": {
        "branches": [
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.14",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.14",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5628215"
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "OpenClaw"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "Open Source"
            },
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5763942"
                                }
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                        "category": "product_name",
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                "category": "vendor",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5771868",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.1",
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.2",
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v0.1.3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502992"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.0.4",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.0.4",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502993"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.1.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.1.0",
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502995"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.1",
                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502996"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.2.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502997"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v1.3.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v1.3.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502998"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5502999"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta2",
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                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503000"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503001"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta4",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta4",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503002"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta5",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2.0.0-beta5",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503003"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.10",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.10",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503004"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503005"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11-1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11-1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503006"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11-2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11-2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503007"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11-3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.11-3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503008"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.12",
                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503009"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.12-2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.12-2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503010"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.13",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.13",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503011"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.14-1",
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                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.14-1",
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.16-2",
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503014"
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.20",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503017"
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "product": {
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.24-1",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.30",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661660"
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.5",
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                                "product": {
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.5-2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503023"
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                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.5-3",
                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5503024"
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                            {
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                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.8",
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.9",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.1.9",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661661"
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                            {
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                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.12",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661662"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661664"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661665"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661666"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6-1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6-1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661667"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6-2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6-2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661668"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6-3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.6-3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661669"
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.9",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/v2026.2.9",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5661670"
                                }
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                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "openclaw"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "openclaw"
            }
        ]
    },
    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-28454",
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 fail to validate webhook secrets in Telegram webhook mode (must be enabled), allowing unauthenticated HTTP POST requests to the webhook endpoint that trust attacker-controlled JSON payloads. Remote attackers can forge Telegram updates by spoofing message.from.id and chat.id fields to bypass sender allowlists and execute privileged bot commands.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 fail to validate webhook secrets in Telegram webhook mode (must be enabled), allowing unauthenticated HTTP POST requests to the webhook endpoint that trust attacker-controlled JSON payloads. Remote attackers can forge Telegram updates by spoofing message.from.id and chat.id fields to bypass sender allowlists and execute privileged bot commands.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "## Summary\n\nWhen Telegram webhook mode is enabled without a configured webhook secret, OpenClaw may accept unauthenticated HTTP POST requests at the Telegram webhook endpoint and trust attacker-controlled update JSON. This can allow forged Telegram updates that spoof `message.from.id` / `chat.id`, potentially bypassing sender allowlists and executing privileged bot commands.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: `<= 2026.1.30`\n- Patched: `>= 2026.2.1`\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker who can reach the webhook endpoint can forge Telegram updates and impersonate allowlisted/paired senders by spoofing fields in the webhook payload (for example `message.from.id`). Impact depends on enabled commands/tools and the deployment’s network exposure.\n\n## Mitigations / Workarounds\n\n- Configure a strong `channels.telegram.webhookSecret` and ensure your reverse proxy forwards the `X-Telegram-Bot-Api-Secret-Token` header unchanged.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- ca92597e1f9593236ad86810b66633144b69314d (config validation: `webhookUrl` requires `webhookSecret`)\n\nDefense-in-depth / supporting fixes:\n\n- 5643a934799dc523ec2ef18c007e1aa2c386b670 (default webhook listener bind host to loopback)\n- 3cbcba10cf30c2ffb898f0d8c7dfb929f15f8930 (bound webhook request body size/time)\n- 633fe8b9c17f02fcc68ecdb5ec212a5ace932f09 (runtime guard: reject webhook startup when secret is missing/empty)\n\n## Release Process Note\n\n`patched_versions` is set to the first fixed release (`2026.2.1`).\n\nThanks @yueyueL for reporting.",
                    "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/npm%2FGHSA-fhvm-j76f-qmjv.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 fail to validate webhook secrets in Telegram webhook mode (must be enabled), allowing unauthenticated HTTP POST requests to the webhook endpoint that trust attacker-controlled JSON payloads. Remote attackers can forge Telegram updates by spoofing message.from.id and chat.id fields to bypass sender allowlists and execute privileged bot commands.",
                    "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/GIT%2FCVE-2026-28454.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.00036",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                    "title": "CVSSV4"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "9.1",
                    "title": "CVSSV4 base score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "5.6",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "There is product data available from source Certbundde",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top increasing factors"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "The value of the most recent EPSS score",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5763942",
                    "CSAFPID-5626748",
                    "CSAFPID-5628215",
                    "CSAFPID-5771868",
                    "CSAFPID-5502989",
                    "CSAFPID-5502990",
                    "CSAFPID-5502991",
                    "CSAFPID-5502992",
                    "CSAFPID-5502993",
                    "CSAFPID-5502994",
                    "CSAFPID-5502995",
                    "CSAFPID-5502996",
                    "CSAFPID-5502997",
                    "CSAFPID-5502998",
                    "CSAFPID-5502999",
                    "CSAFPID-5503000",
                    "CSAFPID-5503001",
                    "CSAFPID-5503002",
                    "CSAFPID-5503003",
                    "CSAFPID-5503004",
                    "CSAFPID-5503005",
                    "CSAFPID-5503006",
                    "CSAFPID-5503007",
                    "CSAFPID-5503008",
                    "CSAFPID-5503009",
                    "CSAFPID-5503010",
                    "CSAFPID-5503011",
                    "CSAFPID-5503012",
                    "CSAFPID-5503013",
                    "CSAFPID-5503014",
                    "CSAFPID-5503015",
                    "CSAFPID-5503016",
                    "CSAFPID-5503017",
                    "CSAFPID-5503018",
                    "CSAFPID-5503019",
                    "CSAFPID-5503020",
                    "CSAFPID-5503021",
                    "CSAFPID-5503022",
                    "CSAFPID-5503023",
                    "CSAFPID-5503024",
                    "CSAFPID-5503025",
                    "CSAFPID-5503026",
                    "CSAFPID-5559506",
                    "CSAFPID-5661660",
                    "CSAFPID-5661661",
                    "CSAFPID-5661662",
                    "CSAFPID-5661664",
                    "CSAFPID-5661665",
                    "CSAFPID-5661666",
                    "CSAFPID-5661667",
                    "CSAFPID-5661668",
                    "CSAFPID-5661669",
                    "CSAFPID-5661670"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/28xxx/CVE-2026-28454.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - osv",
                    "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/npm%2FGHSA-fhvm-j76f-qmjv.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0424.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - osv",
                    "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/GIT%2FCVE-2026-28454.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3cbcba10cf30c2ffb898f0d8c7dfb929f15f8930"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/5643a934799dc523ec2ef18c007e1aa2c386b670"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/633fe8b9c17f02fcc68ecdb5ec212a5ace932f09"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/ca92597e1f9593236ad86810b66633144b69314d"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde; cveprojectv5; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-fhvm-j76f-qmjv"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-authorization-bypass-via-unauthenticated-telegram-webhook"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.1"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - osv",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28454"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0424.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-0424"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-33rq-m5x2-fvgf"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3fqr-4cg8-h96q"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3hcm-ggvf-rch5"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79x"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4564-pvr2-qq4h"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-47q7-97xp-m272"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4hg8-92x6-h2f3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4rj2-gpmh-qq5x"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-56f2-hvwg-5743"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-5xfq-5mr7-426q"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-64qx-vpxx-mvqf"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-782p-5fr5-7fj8"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7q2j-c4q5-rm27"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7rcp-mxpq-72pj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7vwx-582j-j332"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7xhj-55q9-pc3m"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-8mh7-phf8-xgfm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-943q-mwmv-hhvh"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-c37p-4qqg-3p76"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-chm2-m3w2-wcxm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-cv7m-c9jx-vg7q"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-g27f-9qjv-22pm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-g34w-4xqq-h79m"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-g6q9-8fvw-f7rf"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-gq9c-wg68-gwj2"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-gv46-4xfq-jv58"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-h3f9-mjwj-w476"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-h89v-j3x9-8wqj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-h9g4-589h-68xv"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-hv93-r4j3-q65f"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-j27p-hq53-9wgc"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jfv4-h8mc-jcp8"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jmm5-fvh5-gf4p"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jqpq-mgvm-f9r6"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jrvc-8ff5-2f9f"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-m7x8-2w3w-pr42"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mj5r-hh7j-4gxf"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mp5h-m6qj-6292"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mqpw-46fh-299h"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mr32-vwc2-5j6h"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mv9j-6xhh-g383"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-p25h-9q54-ffvw"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-pchc-86f6-8758"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-pg2v-8xwh-qhcc"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-pv58-549p-qh99"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-q447-rj3r-2cgh"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qpjj-47vm-64pj"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qrq5-wjgg-rvqw"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r5h9-vjqc-hq3r"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rmxw-jxxx-4cpc"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rq6g-px6m-c248"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rv39-79c4-7459"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rwj8-p9vq-25gv"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v6c6-vqqg-w888"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v773-r54f-q32w"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v892-hwpg-jwqp"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-w2cg-vxx6-5xjg"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-w5c7-9qqw-6645"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-wfp2-v9c7-fh79"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-x22m-j5qq-j49m"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xc7w-v5x6-cc87"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xvhf-x56f-2hpp"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xw4p-pw82-hqr7"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xwjm-j929-xq7c"
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 9.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-5502989",
                        "CSAFPID-5502990",
                        "CSAFPID-5502991",
                        "CSAFPID-5502992",
                        "CSAFPID-5502993",
                        "CSAFPID-5502994",
                        "CSAFPID-5502995",
                        "CSAFPID-5502996",
                        "CSAFPID-5502997",
                        "CSAFPID-5502998",
                        "CSAFPID-5502999",
                        "CSAFPID-5503000",
                        "CSAFPID-5503001",
                        "CSAFPID-5503002",
                        "CSAFPID-5503003",
                        "CSAFPID-5503004",
                        "CSAFPID-5503005",
                        "CSAFPID-5503006",
                        "CSAFPID-5503007",
                        "CSAFPID-5503008",
                        "CSAFPID-5503009",
                        "CSAFPID-5503010",
                        "CSAFPID-5503011",
                        "CSAFPID-5503012",
                        "CSAFPID-5503013",
                        "CSAFPID-5503014",
                        "CSAFPID-5503015",
                        "CSAFPID-5503016",
                        "CSAFPID-5503017",
                        "CSAFPID-5503018",
                        "CSAFPID-5503019",
                        "CSAFPID-5503020",
                        "CSAFPID-5503021",
                        "CSAFPID-5503022",
                        "CSAFPID-5503023",
                        "CSAFPID-5503024",
                        "CSAFPID-5503025",
                        "CSAFPID-5503026",
                        "CSAFPID-5559506",
                        "CSAFPID-5626748",
                        "CSAFPID-5628215",
                        "CSAFPID-5661660",
                        "CSAFPID-5661661",
                        "CSAFPID-5661662",
                        "CSAFPID-5661664",
                        "CSAFPID-5661665",
                        "CSAFPID-5661666",
                        "CSAFPID-5661667",
                        "CSAFPID-5661668",
                        "CSAFPID-5661669",
                        "CSAFPID-5661670",
                        "CSAFPID-5763942",
                        "CSAFPID-5771868"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-28454"
        }
    ]
}