{ "document": { "category": "csaf_base", "csaf_version": "2.0", "distribution": { "tlp": { "label": "WHITE" } }, "lang": "en", "notes": [ { "category": "legal_disclaimer", "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings." } ], "publisher": { "category": "coordinator", "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl", "name": "National Cyber Security Centre", "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/" }, "title": "CVE-2026-28473", "tracking": { "current_release_date": "2026-03-23T10:46:00.815841Z", "generator": { "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z", "engine": { "name": "V.E.L.M.A", "version": "1.7" } }, "id": "CVE-2026-28473", "initial_release_date": "2026-03-05T22:28:52.089850Z", "revision_history": [ { "date": "2026-03-05T22:28:52.089850Z", "number": "1", "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)." }, { "date": "2026-03-05T22:28:54.571330Z", "number": "2", "summary": "NCSC Score created." }, { "date": "2026-03-05T22:38:50.714197Z", "number": "3", "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products created (1).| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)." }, { "date": "2026-03-05T22:38:54.931819Z", "number": "4", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T00:21:19.230439Z", "number": "5", "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (1).| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T00:21:20.708914Z", "number": "6", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T06:20:54.261868Z", "number": "7", "summary": "CVSS created.| References created (3)." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T06:21:06.130520Z", "number": "8", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T07:35:11.023697Z", "number": "9", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T08:05:47.839364Z", "number": "10", "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| Products connected (1).| References created (69)." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T08:05:49.677324Z", "number": "11", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T14:53:02.545000Z", "number": "12", "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T14:53:05.337433Z", "number": "13", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T17:26:05.815542Z", "number": "14", "summary": "CVSS updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T17:26:10.537548Z", "number": "15", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-06T17:38:42.066729Z", "number": "16", "summary": "CVSS updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-07T04:27:54.728458Z", "number": "17", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-09T18:39:18.372801Z", "number": "18", "summary": "Unknown change." }, { "date": "2026-03-11T16:26:07.215721Z", "number": "19", "summary": "Products connected (1).| Product Identifiers created (1)." }, { "date": "2026-03-11T16:26:14.557463Z", "number": "20", "summary": "NCSC Score updated." }, { "date": "2026-03-20T09:37:01.888165Z", "number": "21", "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created." } ], "status": "interim", "version": "21" } }, "product_tree": { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "category": "product_version_range", "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.14", "product": { "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.14", "product_id": "CSAFPID-5628215" } } ], "category": "product_name", "name": "OpenClaw" } ], "category": "vendor", "name": "Open Source" }, { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "category": "product_version_range", "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2", "product": { "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2", "product_id": "CSAFPID-5763942" } } ], "category": "product_name", "name": "OpenClaw" } ], "category": "vendor", "name": "OpenClaw" }, { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "category": "product_version_range", "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2", "product": { "name": "vers:unknown/<2026.2.2", "product_id": "CSAFPID-5771868", "product_identification_helper": { "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*" } } }, { "category": "product_version_range", "name": "vers:unknown/>=0|<2026.2.2", "product": { "name": "vers:unknown/>=0|<2026.2.2", "product_id": "CSAFPID-5764094" } } ], "category": "product_name", "name": "openclaw" } ], "category": "vendor", "name": "openclaw" } ] }, "vulnerabilities": [ { "cve": "CVE-2026-28473", "cwe": { "id": "CWE-863", "name": "Incorrect Authorization" }, "notes": [ { "category": "description", "text": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 contain an authorization bypass vulnerability where clients with operator.write scope can approve or deny exec approval requests by sending the /approve chat command. The /approve command path invokes exec.approval.resolve through an internal privileged gateway client, bypassing the operator.approvals permission check that protects direct RPC calls.", "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "description", "text": "OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 contain an authorization bypass vulnerability where clients with operator.write scope can approve or deny exec approval requests by sending the /approve chat command. The /approve command path invokes exec.approval.resolve through an internal privileged gateway client, bypassing the operator.approvals permission check that protects direct RPC calls.", "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "description", "text": "## Summary\n\n### What this means (plain language)\n\nIf you give a client “chat/write” access to the gateway (`operator.write`) but you do not intend to let that client approve exec requests (`operator.approvals`), affected versions could still let that client approve/deny a pending exec approval by sending the `/approve` chat command.\n\nThis is mainly relevant for shared or multi-client setups where different tokens are intentionally scoped differently. Single-operator installs are typically less impacted.\n\n### Technical summary\n\nA gateway client authenticated with a device token scoped only to `operator.write` (without `operator.approvals`) could approve/deny pending exec approval requests by sending a chat message containing the built-in `/approve` command.\n\n`exec.approval.resolve` is correctly scoped to `operator.approvals` for direct RPC calls, but the `/approve` command path invoked it via an internal privileged gateway client.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- `openclaw` (npm): `< 2026.2.2`\n\n## Fix\n\n- Fixed in `openclaw` `2026.2.2`.\n- Fix commit(s): `efe2a464afcff55bb5a95b959e6bd9ec0fef086e`.\n- Change: when `/approve` is invoked from gateway clients (webchat/internal channel), it now requires the requesting client to have `operator.approvals` (or `operator.admin`).\n\n## Workarounds\n\n- Upgrade to `openclaw >= 2026.2.2`.\n- If you cannot upgrade: avoid issuing write-only device tokens to untrusted clients; disable text commands (`commands.text=false`) or restrict access to the webchat/control UI.\n\n## References\n\n- Fix: `src/auto-reply/reply/commands-approve.ts`\n- Coverage: `src/auto-reply/reply/commands-approve.test.ts`\n\n## Release Process Note\n\nThis advisory is kept in draft; once the fixed npm versions are available, it can be published without further edits.\n\nThanks @yueyueL for reporting.", "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/npm%2FGHSA-mqpw-46fh-299h.json?alt=media" }, { "category": "other", "text": "0.00041", "title": "EPSS" }, { "category": "other", "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "title": "CVSSV4" }, { "category": "other", "text": "7.2", "title": "CVSSV4 base score" }, { "category": "other", "text": "6.1", "title": "NCSC Score" }, { "category": "other", "text": "There is product data available from source Certbundde", "title": "NCSC Score top increasing factors" } ], "product_status": { "known_affected": [ "CSAFPID-5763942", "CSAFPID-5764094", "CSAFPID-5628215", "CSAFPID-5771868" ] }, "references": [ { "category": "external", "summary": "Source - nvd", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source raw - nvd", "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5", "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/28xxx/CVE-2026-28473.json" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source - osv", "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/npm%2FGHSA-mqpw-46fh-299h.json?alt=media" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source - certbundde", "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0424.json" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source - first", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source raw - first", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Source - first", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/efe2a464afcff55bb5a95b959e6bd9ec0fef086e" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde; cveprojectv5; nvd; osv", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mqpw-46fh-299h" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd; osv", "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-authorization-bypass-via-approve-chat-command" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - osv", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28473" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0424.json" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-0424" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-33rq-m5x2-fvgf" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3fqr-4cg8-h96q" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3hcm-ggvf-rch5" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79x" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4564-pvr2-qq4h" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-47q7-97xp-m272" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4hg8-92x6-h2f3" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-4rj2-gpmh-qq5x" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-56f2-hvwg-5743" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-5xfq-5mr7-426q" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-64qx-vpxx-mvqf" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-782p-5fr5-7fj8" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7q2j-c4q5-rm27" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7rcp-mxpq-72pj" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7vwx-582j-j332" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-7xhj-55q9-pc3m" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-8mh7-phf8-xgfm" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-943q-mwmv-hhvh" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-c37p-4qqg-3p76" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-chm2-m3w2-wcxm" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-cv7m-c9jx-vg7q" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-fhvm-j76f-qmjv" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-g27f-9qjv-22pm" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-g34w-4xqq-h79m" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-g6q9-8fvw-f7rf" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-gq9c-wg68-gwj2" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-gv46-4xfq-jv58" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-h3f9-mjwj-w476" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-h89v-j3x9-8wqj" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-h9g4-589h-68xv" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-hv93-r4j3-q65f" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-j27p-hq53-9wgc" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jfv4-h8mc-jcp8" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jmm5-fvh5-gf4p" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jqpq-mgvm-f9r6" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jrvc-8ff5-2f9f" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-m7x8-2w3w-pr42" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mj5r-hh7j-4gxf" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mp5h-m6qj-6292" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mr32-vwc2-5j6h" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mv9j-6xhh-g383" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-p25h-9q54-ffvw" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-pchc-86f6-8758" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-pg2v-8xwh-qhcc" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-pv58-549p-qh99" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-q447-rj3r-2cgh" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qpjj-47vm-64pj" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qrq5-wjgg-rvqw" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r5h9-vjqc-hq3r" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rmxw-jxxx-4cpc" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rq6g-px6m-c248" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rv39-79c4-7459" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rwj8-p9vq-25gv" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v6c6-vqqg-w888" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v773-r54f-q32w" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v892-hwpg-jwqp" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-w2cg-vxx6-5xjg" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-w5c7-9qqw-6645" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-wfp2-v9c7-fh79" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-x22m-j5qq-j49m" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xc7w-v5x6-cc87" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xvhf-x56f-2hpp" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xw4p-pw82-hqr7" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "Reference - certbundde", "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-xwjm-j929-xq7c" } ], "scores": [ { "cvss_v3": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "products": [ "CSAFPID-5628215", "CSAFPID-5763942", "CSAFPID-5764094", "CSAFPID-5771868" ] } ], "title": "CVE-2026-28473" } ] }