{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-28494",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-04-02T10:03:29.695158Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-28494",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-03-09T22:39:03.434629Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T22:39:03.434629Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (2).| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T22:39:05.350792Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T08:25:29.355954Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T08:25:37.513607Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T11:05:52.047074Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| Products connected (2).| References created (16)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T11:05:55.394710Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T14:22:38.099249Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T14:22:39.235613Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T15:38:46.547441Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T18:43:18.840336Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| Products connected (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T18:43:21.139723Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-11T12:28:13.546099Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (4).| Product Identifiers created (2).| Product Remediations created (4).| References created (3).| CWES updated (1).| Vendor_assessment created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-11T12:28:15.771515Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T14:50:39.017626Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T14:50:43.144168Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T15:25:59.520536Z",
                    "number": "16",
                    "summary": "Products connected (2).| Product Identifiers created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T15:26:07.784304Z",
                    "number": "17",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T15:30:30.354235Z",
                    "number": "18",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T15:30:33.772521Z",
                    "number": "19",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:36:56.424912Z",
                    "number": "20",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T20:29:38.577549Z",
                    "number": "21",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T20:29:41.383746Z",
                    "number": "22",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-23T11:05:56.771409Z",
                    "number": "23",
                    "summary": "Products connected (2).| References created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-23T11:06:04.278225Z",
                    "number": "24",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-24T20:44:21.942155Z",
                    "number": "25",
                    "summary": "References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-24T20:44:25.804867Z",
                    "number": "26",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-31T11:05:11.488566Z",
                    "number": "27",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-31T11:05:13.993078Z",
                    "number": "28",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-02T10:03:11.502976Z",
                    "number": "29",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| References created (3)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-04-02T10:03:15.088582Z",
                    "number": "30",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "30"
        }
    },
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                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:amazon:linux_2:-"
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                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "Amazon Linux 2"
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                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "Amazon"
            },
            {
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                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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                    {
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                                "branches": [
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                                ],
                                "category": "product_name",
                                "name": "imagemagick"
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                        ],
                        "category": "product_family",
                        "name": "bookworm"
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                    {
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                                "branches": [
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                                "category": "product_name",
                                "name": "imagemagick"
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                        ],
                        "category": "product_family",
                        "name": "bullseye"
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                ],
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            },
            {
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=7.0.0|<7.1.2-16",
                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5772690"
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                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "ImageMagick"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "ImageMagick"
            },
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5774314"
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                            },
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "category": "product_name",
                                "name": "ImageMagick"
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                        "category": "product_family",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-1317176",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:suse:opensuse:-"
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                        "category": "product_name",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/unknown",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/unknown",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-1317174",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:suse:suse_linux:-"
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-1330299",
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                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:-"
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            {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5797564",
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                "name": "imagemagick"
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    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-28494",
            "cwe": {
                "id": "CWE-121",
                "name": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow"
            },
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, a stack buffer overflow exists in ImageMagick's morphology kernel parsing functions. User-controlled kernel strings exceeding a buffer are copied into fixed-size stack buffers via memcpy without bounds checking, resulting in stack corruption. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, a stack buffer overflow exists in ImageMagick's morphology kernel parsing functions. User-controlled kernel strings exceeding a buffer are copied into fixed-size stack buffers via memcpy without bounds checking, resulting in stack corruption. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, a stack buffer overflow exists in ImageMagick's morphology kernel parsing functions. User-controlled kernel strings exceeding a buffer are copied into fixed-size stack buffers via memcpy without bounds checking, resulting in stack corruption. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.",
                    "title": "debian - https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A flaw was found in ImageMagick. This vulnerability, a stack buffer overflow, allows an attacker to cause stack corruption by providing maliciously crafted kernel strings. This can lead to arbitrary code execution or a denial of service (DoS), impacting the availability and integrity of the system.\nThis is an IMPORTANT vulnerability in ImageMagick, where a stack buffer overflow can occur when processing specially crafted morphology kernel strings. This flaw is triggered when ImageMagick processes user-controlled input containing overly long kernel names or arrays. Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems utilizing ImageMagick are affected if they process untrusted image files.",
                    "title": "redhat - https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A stack buffer overflow exists in ImageMagick's morphology kernel parsing functions. User-controlled kernel strings exceeding a buffer are copied into fixed-size stack buffers via memcpy without bounds checking, resulting in stack corruption.",
                    "title": "github - https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A stack buffer overflow exists in ImageMagick's morphology kernel parsing functions. User-controlled kernel strings exceeding a buffer are copied into fixed-size stack buffers via memcpy without bounds checking, resulting in stack corruption.",
                    "title": "github - https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.00014",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "3.5",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "Is related to (a version of) an uncommon product, The value of the most recent CVSS (V3) score, The value of the most recent EPSS score, Is related to a product by vendor Debian",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                },
                {
                    "category": "details",
                    "text": "Severity: 2\n",
                    "title": "Vendor assessment"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5772690",
                    "CSAFPID-5772691",
                    "CSAFPID-5774314",
                    "CSAFPID-5774315",
                    "CSAFPID-2768346",
                    "CSAFPID-2768347",
                    "CSAFPID-1439315",
                    "CSAFPID-1439321",
                    "CSAFPID-2772756",
                    "CSAFPID-2772757",
                    "CSAFPID-5797563",
                    "CSAFPID-5797564",
                    "CSAFPID-1295663",
                    "CSAFPID-1317174",
                    "CSAFPID-1317176",
                    "CSAFPID-1330299",
                    "CSAFPID-1330296"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/28xxx/CVE-2026-28494.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0643.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - debian",
                    "url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - redhat",
                    "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - redhat",
                    "url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2026-28494.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde; cveprojectv5; github; nvd; redhat",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0643.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-0643"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-56jp-jfqg-f8f4"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-5ggv-92r5-cp4p"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-7h7q-j33q-hvpf"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-cqw9-w2m7-r2m2"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-fpvf-frm6-625q"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-h95r-c8c7-mrwx"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-hffp-q43q-qq76"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-mrmj-x24c-wwcv"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-qmw5-2p58-xvrc"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-rqq8-jh93-f4vg"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-wj8w-pjxf-9g4f"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-xxw5-m53x-j38c"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - redhat",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github; redhat",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28494"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.10.4"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2026/msg00078.html"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/UHRHM3VZ5CG6TQ5X4EQBR77LTWVJJQVY/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-March/024784.html"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/YBT46MQNJHO4TAFC6TMELPMM52724JXT/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8127-1"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://alas.aws.amazon.com/AL2/ALAS2-2026-3220.html"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-April/025099.html"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://alas.aws.amazon.com/AL2/ALAS2-2026-3211.html"
                }
            ],
            "remediations": [
                {
                    "category": "mitigation",
                    "details": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.",
                    "product_ids": [
                        "CSAFPID-1439315",
                        "CSAFPID-1439321",
                        "CSAFPID-2772756",
                        "CSAFPID-2772757"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 7.1,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-1295663",
                        "CSAFPID-1317174",
                        "CSAFPID-1317176",
                        "CSAFPID-1330296",
                        "CSAFPID-1330299",
                        "CSAFPID-1439315",
                        "CSAFPID-1439321",
                        "CSAFPID-2768346",
                        "CSAFPID-2768347",
                        "CSAFPID-2772756",
                        "CSAFPID-2772757",
                        "CSAFPID-5772690",
                        "CSAFPID-5772691",
                        "CSAFPID-5774314",
                        "CSAFPID-5774315",
                        "CSAFPID-5797563",
                        "CSAFPID-5797564"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-28494"
        }
    ]
}