{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-28502",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-03-20T09:36:57.747864Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-28502",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-03-03T17:53:36.629083Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-03T17:53:36.629083Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-03T17:53:45.150727Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-04T18:31:29.109784Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (13).| Product Identifiers created (13).| Products created (1).| References created (2).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-04T18:31:32.149452Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T03:38:39.815651Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (1).| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T03:38:48.291691Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T04:27:35.945255Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (3).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T04:27:37.789884Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T14:47:40.893432Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "References created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T14:47:45.654526Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T14:52:57.858822Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T14:53:02.351173Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T16:39:10.017316Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-06T18:30:41.021835Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "References created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T14:59:52.516598Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "EPSS updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T15:00:02.996056Z",
                    "number": "16",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-16T15:24:40.548710Z",
                    "number": "17",
                    "summary": "CVSS created.| Products connected (1).| Product Identifiers created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-16T15:24:43.155384Z",
                    "number": "18",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-17T15:03:33.860035Z",
                    "number": "19",
                    "summary": "EPSS updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-17T15:03:37.510865Z",
                    "number": "20",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:36:54.003021Z",
                    "number": "21",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:36:57.099465Z",
                    "number": "22",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "22"
        }
    },
    "product_tree": {
        "branches": [
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<24.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<24.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5765406",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:wwbn:avideo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "AVideo"
                    },
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/10.4",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/10.4",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656122",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@10.4"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/10.8",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/10.8",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656123",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@10.8"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/11",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/11",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656124",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@11"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/11.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/11.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656125",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@11.1"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/11.1.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/11.1.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656126",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@11.1.1"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/11.5",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/11.5",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656127",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@11.5"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/11.6",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/11.6",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656128",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@11.6"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/12.4",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/12.4",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656129",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@12.4"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/14.3",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/14.3",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656130",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@14.3"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/14.3.1",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/14.3.1",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656131",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@14.3.1"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/14.4",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/14.4",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656132",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@14.4"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/18.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/18.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5656133",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@18.0"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/21.0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/21.0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5721197",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "purl": "pkg:composer/wwbn/avideo@21.0"
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=0",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/>=0",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5759020"
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "avideo"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "WWBN"
            }
        ]
    },
    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-28502",
            "cwe": {
                "id": "CWE-434",
                "name": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type"
            },
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "## Summary\nAn authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in AVideo related to the plugin upload/import functionality.\n\nThe issue allowed an authenticated administrator to upload a specially crafted ZIP archive containing executable server-side files. Due to insufficient validation of extracted file contents, the archive was extracted directly into a web-accessible plugin directory, allowing arbitrary PHP code execution.\n\n## Vulnerability Type\n- Remote Code Execution (RCE)\n- CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type\n\n## Affected Versions\n- All versions up to and including 22.x.\n\n## Fixed Version\n- A fix is expected to be released in version 23.\n\n## Root Cause\nThe system validated only the ZIP extension of uploaded plugin packages but did not enforce a strict allowlist of file types within the archive. Extracted files were placed directly in a web-accessible directory without preventing execution of server-side scripts.\n\n## Impact\nAn authenticated administrator could execute arbitrary code on the server, resulting in full system compromise, including:\n- Confidentiality loss\n- Integrity loss\n- Availability impact\n\n## Remediation\nUpgrade immediately to **AVideo version 23 or later**.\n\nVersion 23 introduces improved validation and secure handling of plugin extraction.\n\n## Workarounds\nIf upgrade is not immediately possible:\n- Disable plugin upload/import functionality.\n- Configure the web server to prevent execution of PHP files inside plugin upload directories.",
                    "title": "github - https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "## Summary\nAn authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in AVideo related to the plugin upload/import functionality.\n\nThe issue allowed an authenticated administrator to upload a specially crafted ZIP archive containing executable server-side files. Due to insufficient validation of extracted file contents, the archive was extracted directly into a web-accessible plugin directory, allowing arbitrary PHP code execution.\n\n## Vulnerability Type\n- Remote Code Execution (RCE)\n- CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type\n\n## Affected Versions\n- All versions up to and including 22.x.\n\n## Fixed Version\n- A fix is expected to be released in version 23.\n\n## Root Cause\nThe system validated only the ZIP extension of uploaded plugin packages but did not enforce a strict allowlist of file types within the archive. Extracted files were placed directly in a web-accessible directory without preventing execution of server-side scripts.\n\n## Impact\nAn authenticated administrator could execute arbitrary code on the server, resulting in full system compromise, including:\n- Confidentiality loss\n- Integrity loss\n- Availability impact\n\n## Remediation\nUpgrade immediately to **AVideo version 23 or later**.\n\nVersion 23 introduces improved validation and secure handling of plugin extraction.\n\n## Workarounds\nIf upgrade is not immediately possible:\n- Disable plugin upload/import functionality.\n- Configure the web server to prevent execution of PHP files inside plugin upload directories.",
                    "title": "osv - https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/Packagist%2FGHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. Prior to version 24.0, an authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in AVideo related to the plugin upload/import functionality. The issue allowed an authenticated administrator to upload a specially crafted ZIP archive containing executable server-side files. Due to insufficient validation of extracted file contents, the archive was extracted directly into a web-accessible plugin directory, allowing arbitrary PHP code execution. This issue has been patched in version 24.0.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28502"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. Prior to version 24.0, an authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in AVideo related to the plugin upload/import functionality. The issue allowed an authenticated administrator to upload a specially crafted ZIP archive containing executable server-side files. Due to insufficient validation of extracted file contents, the archive was extracted directly into a web-accessible plugin directory, allowing arbitrary PHP code execution. This issue has been patched in version 24.0.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28502"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.00242",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                    "title": "CVSSV4"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "9.3",
                    "title": "CVSSV4 base score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "3.9",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "Is related to CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type), The value of the most recent EPSS score, Is related to (a version of) an uncommon product",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5656122",
                    "CSAFPID-5656123",
                    "CSAFPID-5656124",
                    "CSAFPID-5656125",
                    "CSAFPID-5656126",
                    "CSAFPID-5656127",
                    "CSAFPID-5656128",
                    "CSAFPID-5656129",
                    "CSAFPID-5656130",
                    "CSAFPID-5656131",
                    "CSAFPID-5656132",
                    "CSAFPID-5656133",
                    "CSAFPID-5721197",
                    "CSAFPID-5759020",
                    "CSAFPID-5765406"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - osv",
                    "url": "https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/osv-vulnerabilities/o/Packagist%2FGHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3.json?alt=media"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28502"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/28xxx/CVE-2026-28502.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28502"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-28502"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-28502"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisories/GHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/commit/b739aeeb9ce34aed9961d2c155d597810f8229db"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-v8jw-8w5p-23g3"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; github; nvd; osv",
                    "url": "https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/releases/tag/24.0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github; osv",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28502"
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 8.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-5656122",
                        "CSAFPID-5656123",
                        "CSAFPID-5656124",
                        "CSAFPID-5656125",
                        "CSAFPID-5656126",
                        "CSAFPID-5656127",
                        "CSAFPID-5656128",
                        "CSAFPID-5656129",
                        "CSAFPID-5656130",
                        "CSAFPID-5656131",
                        "CSAFPID-5656132",
                        "CSAFPID-5656133",
                        "CSAFPID-5721197",
                        "CSAFPID-5759020",
                        "CSAFPID-5765406"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-28502"
        }
    ]
}