{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-28686",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-03-31T16:59:16.992732Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-28686",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-03-09T22:39:00.716391Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T22:39:00.716391Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (2).| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-09T22:39:03.942736Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T08:25:29.619478Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (1).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T08:25:37.513607Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T11:05:52.401042Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| Products connected (2).| References created (16)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T11:05:55.394710Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T14:22:25.865407Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T14:22:27.303405Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T15:39:05.165243Z",
                    "number": "9",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T18:43:19.265566Z",
                    "number": "10",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| Products connected (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-10T18:43:21.139723Z",
                    "number": "11",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-11T12:28:12.507127Z",
                    "number": "12",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products connected (4).| Product Identifiers created (2).| Product Remediations created (4).| References created (3).| CWES updated (1).| Vendor_assessment created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-11T12:28:15.771515Z",
                    "number": "13",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T14:50:38.798292Z",
                    "number": "14",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T14:50:41.312702Z",
                    "number": "15",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T15:25:59.103780Z",
                    "number": "16",
                    "summary": "Products connected (2).| Product Identifiers created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-12T15:26:07.784304Z",
                    "number": "17",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T15:30:29.872594Z",
                    "number": "18",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T15:30:32.012788Z",
                    "number": "19",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:36:34.268230Z",
                    "number": "20",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T20:29:39.033406Z",
                    "number": "21",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T20:29:41.383746Z",
                    "number": "22",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-23T11:05:57.560892Z",
                    "number": "23",
                    "summary": "Products connected (2).| References created (2)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-23T11:06:04.278225Z",
                    "number": "24",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-24T20:44:22.796957Z",
                    "number": "25",
                    "summary": "References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-24T20:44:28.475359Z",
                    "number": "26",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-31T11:05:12.175232Z",
                    "number": "27",
                    "summary": "Products connected (1).| References created (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-31T11:05:15.170913Z",
                    "number": "28",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "28"
        }
    },
    "product_tree": {
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            {
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/unknown",
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                                    "name": "vers:unknown/unknown",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-1295663",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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                        "category": "product_name",
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                    {
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                                    }
                                ],
                                "category": "product_name",
                                "name": "imagemagick"
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_family",
                        "name": "bookworm"
                    },
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "branches": [
                                    {
                                        "category": "product_version_range",
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                                            "product_id": "CSAFPID-2768347"
                                        }
                                    }
                                ],
                                "category": "product_name",
                                "name": "imagemagick"
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_family",
                        "name": "bullseye"
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                ],
                "category": "vendor",
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            },
            {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5772691"
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                            },
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=7.0.0|<7.1.2-16",
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5772690"
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                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "ImageMagick"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "ImageMagick"
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            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<6.9.13-41",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5774314"
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                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:unknown/<7.1.2-16",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/<7.1.2-16",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5774315"
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                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
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                ],
                "category": "vendor",
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                "branches": [
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                            {
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                                        "product": {
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                                "category": "product_name",
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                    {
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"
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                                "product": {
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                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-1317176",
                                    "product_identification_helper": {
                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:suse:opensuse:-"
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                        "category": "product_name",
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                                "category": "product_version_range",
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                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:suse:suse_linux:-"
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                                "name": "vers:unknown/unknown",
                                "product": {
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                                        "cpe": "cpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:10.04:-:lts"
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                                "name": "vers:unknown/>=7.0.0-0|<7.1.2-16",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:unknown/>=7.0.0-0|<7.1.2-16",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5797564",
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                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "imagemagick"
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    },
    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-28686",
            "cwe": {
                "id": "CWE-122",
                "name": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow"
            },
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability exists in the PCL encode due to an undersized output buffer allocation. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability exists in the PCL encode due to an undersized output buffer allocation. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability exists in the PCL encode due to an undersized output buffer allocation. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.",
                    "title": "debian - https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A flaw was found in ImageMagick, free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. A local attacker could exploit a heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability in the PCL encode due to an undersized output buffer allocation. This could lead to a denial of service (DoS), making the software unavailable, and potentially impact data integrity.\nThis MODERATE impact vulnerability in ImageMagick involves a heap-buffer-overflow within the PCL encoder. Processing a specially crafted image could trigger this flaw, potentially leading to denial of service or other impacts. This affects Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 ELS and 7 ELS, as well as community projects like Fedora and EPEL, where ImageMagick is used for image processing.",
                    "title": "redhat - https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability exists in the PCL encode due to an undersized output buffer allocation.\n\n```\nWRITE of size 1 at 0x7e79f91f31a0 thread T0\n```",
                    "title": "github - https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability exists in the PCL encode due to an undersized output buffer allocation.\n\n```\nWRITE of size 1 at 0x7e79f91f31a0 thread T0\n```",
                    "title": "github - https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.00017",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "4.0",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "Is related to a product by vendor Debian, Is related to (a version of) an uncommon product, The value of the most recent EPSS score, Is related to a product by vendor Open Source",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                },
                {
                    "category": "details",
                    "text": "Severity: 2\n",
                    "title": "Vendor assessment"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5772690",
                    "CSAFPID-5772691",
                    "CSAFPID-5774314",
                    "CSAFPID-5774315",
                    "CSAFPID-2768346",
                    "CSAFPID-2768347",
                    "CSAFPID-1439315",
                    "CSAFPID-1439321",
                    "CSAFPID-2772756",
                    "CSAFPID-2772757",
                    "CSAFPID-5797563",
                    "CSAFPID-5797564",
                    "CSAFPID-1295663",
                    "CSAFPID-1317174",
                    "CSAFPID-1317176",
                    "CSAFPID-1330299"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/28xxx/CVE-2026-28686.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0643.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - debian",
                    "url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - redhat",
                    "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - redhat",
                    "url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2026-28686.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - github",
                    "url": "https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde; cveprojectv5; github; nvd; redhat",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-0643.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-0643"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-56jp-jfqg-f8f4"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-5ggv-92r5-cp4p"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-7h7q-j33q-hvpf"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-932h-jw47-73jm"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-cqw9-w2m7-r2m2"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-fpvf-frm6-625q"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-h95r-c8c7-mrwx"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-hffp-q43q-qq76"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-mrmj-x24c-wwcv"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-qmw5-2p58-xvrc"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-rqq8-jh93-f4vg"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-wj8w-pjxf-9g4f"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-xxw5-m53x-j38c"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - redhat",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github; redhat",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28686"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.10.4"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - github",
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-467j-76j7-5885"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2026/msg00078.html"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/UHRHM3VZ5CG6TQ5X4EQBR77LTWVJJQVY/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-March/024784.html"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/security-announce@lists.opensuse.org/thread/YBT46MQNJHO4TAFC6TMELPMM52724JXT/"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - certbundde",
                    "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8127-1"
                }
            ],
            "remediations": [
                {
                    "category": "mitigation",
                    "details": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.",
                    "product_ids": [
                        "CSAFPID-1439315",
                        "CSAFPID-1439321",
                        "CSAFPID-2772756",
                        "CSAFPID-2772757"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 6.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-1295663",
                        "CSAFPID-1317174",
                        "CSAFPID-1317176",
                        "CSAFPID-1330299",
                        "CSAFPID-1439315",
                        "CSAFPID-1439321",
                        "CSAFPID-2768346",
                        "CSAFPID-2768347",
                        "CSAFPID-2772756",
                        "CSAFPID-2772757",
                        "CSAFPID-5772690",
                        "CSAFPID-5772691",
                        "CSAFPID-5774314",
                        "CSAFPID-5774315",
                        "CSAFPID-5797563",
                        "CSAFPID-5797564"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-28686"
        }
    ]
}