{
    "document": {
        "category": "csaf_base",
        "csaf_version": "2.0",
        "distribution": {
            "tlp": {
                "label": "WHITE"
            }
        },
        "lang": "en",
        "notes": [
            {
                "category": "legal_disclaimer",
                "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this portal to enhance access to its information and vulnerabilities. The use of this information is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\nThe vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are gathered by NCSC-NL from a variety of open sources, which the user can retrieve from other platforms. NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this portal is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or real-time keeping up-to-date. NCSC-NL does not control nor guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information obtained from these external sources. The vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal are intended solely for the convenience of professional parties to take appropriate measures to manage the risks posed to the cybersecurity. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\nNCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of the vulnerabilities disclosed in this portal. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in it.\nThe information on this page is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this portal regarding the disclosure of vulnerabilities will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
            }
        ],
        "publisher": {
            "category": "coordinator",
            "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
            "name": "National Cyber Security Centre",
            "namespace": "https://www.ncsc.nl/"
        },
        "title": "CVE-2026-2991",
        "tracking": {
            "current_release_date": "2026-03-23T03:22:44.179670Z",
            "generator": {
                "date": "2026-02-17T15:00:00Z",
                "engine": {
                    "name": "V.E.L.M.A",
                    "version": "1.7"
                }
            },
            "id": "CVE-2026-2991",
            "initial_release_date": "2026-03-18T15:38:42.341006Z",
            "revision_history": [
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-18T15:38:42.341006Z",
                    "number": "1",
                    "summary": "CVE created.| Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| Products created (1).| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-18T15:38:45.136623Z",
                    "number": "2",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-18T16:26:52.338625Z",
                    "number": "3",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-18T16:26:54.512024Z",
                    "number": "4",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-18T17:39:28.514885Z",
                    "number": "5",
                    "summary": "Unknown change."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-19T20:44:59.982628Z",
                    "number": "6",
                    "summary": "Source created.| CVE status created. (valid)| Description created for source.| CVSS created.| References created (4).| CWES updated (1)."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:34:43.322202Z",
                    "number": "7",
                    "summary": "Source connected.| CVE status created. (valid)| EPSS created."
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-03-20T09:34:55.848310Z",
                    "number": "8",
                    "summary": "NCSC Score updated."
                }
            ],
            "status": "interim",
            "version": "8"
        }
    },
    "product_tree": {
        "branches": [
            {
                "branches": [
                    {
                        "branches": [
                            {
                                "category": "product_version_range",
                                "name": "vers:semver/<=4.1.2",
                                "product": {
                                    "name": "vers:semver/<=4.1.2",
                                    "product_id": "CSAFPID-5844416"
                                }
                            }
                        ],
                        "category": "product_name",
                        "name": "KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR)"
                    }
                ],
                "category": "vendor",
                "name": "Iqonic Design"
            }
        ]
    },
    "vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "cve": "CVE-2026-2991",
            "notes": [
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "The KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.2. This is due to the `patientSocialLogin()` function not verifying the social provider access token before authenticating a user. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any patient registered on the system by providing only their email address and an arbitrary value for the access token, bypassing all credential verification. The attacker gains access to sensitive medical records, appointments, prescriptions, and billing information (PII/PHI breach). Additionally, authentication cookies are set before the role check, meaning the auth cookies for non-patient users (including administrators) are also set in the HTTP response headers, even though a 403 response is returned.",
                    "title": "cveprojectv5 - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "The KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.2. This is due to the `patientSocialLogin()` function not verifying the social provider access token before authenticating a user. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any patient registered on the system by providing only their email address and an arbitrary value for the access token, bypassing all credential verification. The attacker gains access to sensitive medical records, appointments, prescriptions, and billing information (PII/PHI breach). Additionally, authentication cookies are set before the role check, meaning the auth cookies for non-patient users (including administrators) are also set in the HTTP response headers, even though a 403 response is returned.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "description",
                    "text": "The KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.2. This is due to the `patientSocialLogin()` function not verifying the social provider access token before authenticating a user. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any patient registered on the system by providing only their email address and an arbitrary value for the access token, bypassing all credential verification. The attacker gains access to sensitive medical records, appointments, prescriptions, and billing information (PII/PHI breach). Additionally, authentication cookies are set before the role check, meaning the auth cookies for non-patient users (including administrators) are also set in the HTTP response headers, even though a 403 response is returned.",
                    "title": "nvd - https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "0.0016",
                    "title": "EPSS"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "4.0",
                    "title": "NCSC Score"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "The value of the mean historic EPSS score",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top increasing factors"
                },
                {
                    "category": "other",
                    "text": "The value of the most recent EPSS score, The value of the most recent CVSS (V3) score, There is cwe data available from source Nvd",
                    "title": "NCSC Score top decreasing factors"
                }
            ],
            "product_status": {
                "known_affected": [
                    "CSAFPID-5844416"
                ]
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - cveprojectv5",
                    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2026/2xxx/CVE-2026-2991.json"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source raw - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - nvd",
                    "url": "https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2026-2991"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Source - first",
                    "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?limit=10000&offset=0"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/8d22448b-aa8e-4775-b7c5-e7bae94a3f6d?source=cve"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kivicare-clinic-management-system/trunk/app/controllers/api/AuthController.php#L1852"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kivicare-clinic-management-system/trunk/app/controllers/api/AuthController.php#L284"
                },
                {
                    "category": "external",
                    "summary": "Reference - cveprojectv5; nvd",
                    "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3467409/"
                }
            ],
            "scores": [
                {
                    "cvss_v3": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 9.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL"
                    },
                    "products": [
                        "CSAFPID-5844416"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "title": "CVE-2026-2991"
        }
    ]
}